1.
The Economics of Music
TSCHMUCK, PETER. The Economics of Music. Agenda Publishing, 2017. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv5cg90z.
Summary: This book was released in 2017, so it will include recent events regarding music and technology. I didn't choose specific chapters because I believe the book will have certain points that I want to make throughout the book. It provides a brief economic history of the music business, which will be useful when I mention how the business has grown throughout the years. The book mentions multiple topics, such as the music economy, sound recording, music labour markets, and the digital music business, which is big topic in this subject.
2.
The Future of Music Careers
Millar, Michael W. “The Future of Music Careers.” College Music Symposium, 49/50, 2009, pp. 54–58. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/41225230.
Summary: This source talks about the effects to technology on music. It goes into a discussion on how technology, culture, society, and marketing affects the music production, distribution, and education. They also talk how these effects will negatively and positively affect students who want to pursue a career in music. Additionally, they discuss how music schools or music classes can utilize technology and the current music society to prepare students for the music industry. They not the major changes in the music industry, especially by technology, and made a clear affect in the music economy: music production, marketing, distribution, networking, education, and research and access to the information.
3.
Swanson, K. (2013). A case study on spotify: Exploring perceptions of the music streaming service. MEIEA Journal, 13(1), 207-230. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/1519295625?accountid=14496
Summary: This case study's main subject is Spotify, and it talks about how it is THE music streaming service that provides music from major and independent record labels to their consumers. They noted how since their establishment, consumers can either use their free services, which includes ads, or use their premium services, which includes no ads and access to additional features. The study also talked about how some major artists have spoken up regarding streaming and why they will not upload their music on the service, claiming that they are not being paid enough. Others support the service because its a less messy alternative to the copyright laws. They claim that Spotify and other streaming services are the bridge to the future of the music industry. They further discuss the other perspectives with the streaming services, such as music companies, artists, and consumers.
4.
Peoples, Glenn. “Digital Music Myths.” Billboard, vol. 124, no. 30, Sept. 2012, p. 8. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=79390262&site=ehost-live
Summary: This article specifically looks at the digital music industry in year 2012. They focus specifically on the myths, which the author further discusses how they are false. He talks about the subscription and streaming services; the option to either buy music or illegally download it; how investors do not and will not invest in digital music; and the traditional music listening methods still make more revenue than digital music listening methods.
5.
Morris, Chris. “A History of Independent Labels.” Billboard, vol. 106, no. 44, Nov. 1994, p. 131. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=9411161869&site=ehost-live.
Summary: This article goes in depth about how independent record labels came to be in the music industry and when they started to rise. They also discuss the concept of independent record labels and the reasons for the uprising trade for the independent record label in the industry. They also talk about the consolidation in the music industry during the 1960s, along with some success stories of independent record labels from then to when the article was written, which was 1994.
6.
Marshall, Lee. "‘Let's keep music special. F—Spotify’: on-demand streaming and the controversy over artist royalties." Creative Industries Journal 8.2 (2015): 177-189., https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17510694.2015.1096618?scroll=top&needAccess=true
Summary: This article talks about how music streaming services have expanded and risen significantly over the years. They are a main component to the music consumption and how they will be dominant in the future. Because of these streaming services, they are pushing the recording industry into a long and painful decline in their production. Spotify in particular has caused a lot of uproar with major music company artists and independent artists as they are not being paid with enough royalties. The article provides and discusses the controversy between Spotify and artists, particularly, independent labels and artists. They considered business models and how streaming affects them, looking into piracy and decreased record purchases. They conclude with how streaming services are pushing the independent musicians to rely on the concept of scaling that major record labels are mainly doing.
7.
Sanitnarathorn, Pannawit. "An Analysis of Music Fan Towards Music Streaming Purchase Intention of Thailand's Music Industry.", https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1175643.pdf
Summary: Looking at a country other than America, the researchers of this article did a qualitative research with 10 executives in the music industry. They were testing to see if fan idolatry has influence on the overall decision to stream music. The researchers concluded that their interests in their artists has a direct influence on their willingness to stream music digitally. They concluded that the artist's passion for their fans is the main reason in the consumer's intent to stream and pay for subscription and digital music.
8.
https://www.ted.com/talks/jack_conte_how_artists_can_finally_get_paid_in_the_digital_age?language=en#t-609941
Summary: Jack Conte is one of the creators of Patreon, which is a membership platform that makes it easier for artists and creators to get paid. He talks about his experience with being a musician and uploading his music on YouTube. He notes how the streams do not and cannot be compared with the amount of money they are getting paid. He purposely compared the number of views he gets per video to the same exact number of people at a concert. Thus, he concludes his talk with the creation of Patreon and how that platform will pay the artists and the creators what they really should be getting, and how that will encourage future generations that the arts is also a career - not something that should be looked down upon.
9.
https://www.ted.com/talks/margaret_stewart_how_youtube_thinks_about_copyright/transcript?language=en
Summary: Margaret Stewart used to be an employee at Youtube (but she is now at Facebook). She was the head of user experience and she talked about how this video streaming site works with copyright holder and creators to create a unique system where everybody is happy. She talked about how if you simply upload a song, it is copyright infringement, but when YouTube collaborates with copyright holders and artists regarding their music, not only are the artists' music are being advertised and marketed but the YouTube users who upload content can use the songs and music to make their lives and videos more entertaining.
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